Maar-diatreme volcanoes are produced by explosive eruptions that cut deeply into the
country rock. A maar is the crater cut into the ground and surrounded by an ejecta ring, while …

Kimberlite magmas are volatile-rich, silica-poor ultrabasic magmas originating as small-
degree mantle melts at depths of 150 km or greater. Alteration and entrained xenoliths …

We review the numerous experimental studies dedicated to unravelling the physics and
dynamics of various parts of a volcanic plumbing system. Section 1 lists the model materials …

Internal fluidization, the process whereby granular soil is transformed into a fluid-like state
when liquid or gas is pumped into it, is of importance in a number of civil and geotechnical …

We present results of experiments that use small chemical explosive charges buried in
layered aggregates to simulate the effects of subsurface hydrothermal and phreatomagmatic …

Maar–diatreme eruptions are hazardous to people and infrastructure, and are also linked to
the formation of the kimberlitic variety of diatremes, which is important economically …

Abstract The Wafi-Golpu district of Papua New Guinea contains contrasting high-and
intermediate-sulfidation styles of epithermal veins and alteration that have overprinted and …

Among the volcaniclastic products of melilitite–carbonatite eruptions, pelletal lapilli are often
found, resulting in them being particularly useful for characterising the interface between the …

The compositions (mineralogy, major-and trace-element chemistry of rocks and minerals,
and Sr-Nd-Hf isotope systematics) of two kimberlite bodies, the Obnazhennaya pipe and the …

Kimberlites are volatile-rich magmas from mantle depths of≥ 150 km and are the primary
source of diamonds. Kimberlite volcanism involves the formation of diverging pipes or …