T cell responses must be balanced to ensure adequate protection against malignant
transformation and an array of pathogens while also limiting damage to healthy cells and …

Several immune and immunocompetent cells, including dendritic cells, macrophages,
adipocytes, natural killer cells, T cells, and B cells, are significantly correlated with the …

Tryptophan is an essential amino acid from dietary proteins. It can be metabolized into
different metabolites in both the gut microbiota and tissue cells. Tryptophan metabolites such …

Abstract The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has become a global crisis
and is more devastating than any other previous infectious disease. It has affected a …

Cancer immunotherapy offers substantive benefit to patients with various tumour types, in
some cases leading to complete tumour clearance. However, many patients do not respond …

Ischemic stroke after cerebral artery occlusion is one of the major causes of chronic disability
worldwide. Interleukins (ILs) play a bidirectional role in ischemic stroke through information …

COVID-19 disease, caused by infection with SARS-CoV-2, is related to a series of
physiopathological mechanisms that mobilize a wide variety of biomolecules, mainly …

Activated B cells participate in either extrafollicular (EF) or germinal center (GC) responses.
Canonical responses are composed of a short wave of plasmablasts (PBs) arising from EF …

Natural killer (NK) cells are the predominant innate lymphocyte subsets that mediate anti-
tumor and anti-viral responses, and therefore possess promising clinical utilization. NK cells …

While it is now widely accepted that host inflammatory responses contribute to lung injury,
the pathways that drive severity and distinguish coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) from …