Evolution of resistance in pests can reduce the effectiveness of insecticidal proteins from
Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) produced by transgenic crops. We analyzed results of 77 studies …

After more than 70 years of chemical pesticide use, modern agriculture is increasingly using
biological control products. Resistances to conventional insecticides are wide spread, while …

The genetics of arthropod resistance have been studied since the early 20th century, when
Harlan (1916) demonstrated that resistance to the leaf blister mite, Eriophyes gossypii …

Transgenic maize and cotton expressing Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxins were first
commercialized in 1996. By 2009, Bt crops were planted on ca. 47.6 Mha in 22 countries …

Transgenic crops producing Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxins are used worldwide to control
major pests of corn and cotton. Development of strategies to delay the evolution of pest …

Transgenic crops that produce insecticidal toxins from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis
(Bt) grew on> 62 million ha worldwide from 1996 to 2002. Despite expectations that pests …

The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith 1797)(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is the
most important corn pest in South America. Larvae feed mostly on leaves, but also ears …

By the end of the 1980s, a broad consensus had developed that there were potential
environmental risks of transgenic plants requiring assessment and that this assessment …

Transgenic maize, Zea mays L., modified to express insecticidal proteins from the bacterium
Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner, was introduced in 1996 to control Ostrinia nubilalis Hübner …

" This volume captures the state-of-the-art in the study of insect-plant interactions, and marks
the transformation of the field into evolutionary biology. The contributors present integrative …