Pedagogical agents, characters that guide through multimedia learning environments,
recently gained increasing interest. A review was published by Clarebout, Elen, Johnson …

A meta-analysis consisting of 20 experiments (N= 3841) on the influence of pedagogical
agent (PA) gesturing in multimedia environments revealed that gestures have a small-to …

How do we decide how to represent an intelligent system in its interface, and how do we
decide how the interface represents information about the world and about its own workings …

Recent years have witnessed the birth of a new paradigm for learning environments:
animated pedagogical agents. These lifelike autonomous characters cohabit learning …

COMMUNICATIONS OF THE ACM April 2000/Vol. 43, No. 4 71 to one another), and
because the human body is so nicely equipped to support conversation, embodied …

Two experiments explored the integration of animated agents into multimedia environments
in the context of RE Mayer's (2001) cognitive theory of multimedia learning. Experiment 1 …

This paper describes Steve, an animated agent that helps students learn to perform
physical, procedural tasks. The student and Steve cohabit a three-dimensional, simulated …

The growing interest in multimodal interface design is inspired in large part by the goals of
supporting more transparent, flexible, efficient, and powerfully expressive means of human …

The chapter begins with a brief summary and extension of our earlier list of 5 questionable
multimedia principles (Clark & Feldon, 2005). We then add 5 more principles that have …

In computer-assisted instruction, primary causes for the main problems are student's feeling
lonely and lack of social learning environment. Pedagogical agents, which could enable …