We revisit the challenges and prospects for ocean circulation models following Griffies et al..
Over the past decade, ocean circulation models evolved through improved understanding …

This study presents the global climate model IPSL‐CM6A‐LR developed at Institut Pierre‐
Simon Laplace (IPSL) to study natural climate variability and climate response to natural and …

We document the configuration and emergent simulation features from the Geophysical
Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL) OM4. 0 ocean/sea ice model. OM4 serves as the …

In theory, the same sea-ice models could be used for both research and operations, but in
practice, differences in scientific and software requirements and computational and human …

The new 3.6 version of the Louvain-la-Neuve sea ice model (LIM) is presented, as
integrated in the most recent stable release of Nucleus for European Modelling of the Ocean …

How much Antarctic ice shelf basal melt rates can increase in response to global warming
remains an open question. Here we describe the response of the Southern Ocean and ice …

We present a new brittle rheology and an accompanying numerical framework for large‐
scale sea‐ice modeling. This rheology is based on a Bingham‐Maxwell constitutive model …

As the sea‐ice modeling community is shifting to advanced numerical frameworks,
develo** new sea‐ice rheologies, and increasing model spatial resolution, ubiquitous …

Ocean-induced ice-shelf melt is the highest uncertainty factor in the Antarctic contribution to
future sea level. Several parameterisations exist to link oceanic properties to basal melt and …

Sea ice leads in the Arctic are important features that give rise to strong localized
atmospheric heating; they provide the opportunity for vigorous biological primary production …