Clefts of the lip and palate are generally divided into two groups, isolated cleft palate and
cleft lip with or without cleft palate, representing a heterogeneous group of disorders …

The sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling pathway is a major regulator of cell differentiation, cell
proliferation, and tissue polarity. Aberrant activation of the Shh pathway has been shown in …

Basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) were essentially a molecular'black box'until some 12 years
ago, when identification of a genetic flaw in a rare subset of patients who have a great …

Cell signaling plays a key role in the development of all multicellular organisms. Numerous
studies have established the importance of Hedgehog signaling in a wide variety of …

Disclaimer: The practice guidelines of the American College of Medical Genetics and
Genomics (ACMG) and the National Society of Genetic Counselors (NSGC) are developed …

The sonic hedgehog (SHH) signaling pathway directs the embryonic development of diverse
organisms and is disrupted in a variety of malignancies. Pathway activation is triggered by …

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common cancer in white‐skinned individuals with
increasing incidence rates worldwide. Patients with BCC place a large burden on healthcare …

Background Dysregulated hedgehog signaling is the pivotal molecular abnormality
underlying basal-cell carcinomas. Vismodegib is a new orally administered hedgehog …

Do tumours arise from stem cells, or are they derived from more differentiated cells that, for
some reason, begin to recapitulate developmental programmes? Inappropriate activation of …

Nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome (NBCCS), also known as Gorlin syndrome, is a
hereditary condition characterized by a wide range of developmental abnormalities and a …