Space Weather: From solar origins to risks and hazards evolving in time

N Buzulukova, B Tsurutani - Frontiers in Astronomy and Space …, 2022 - frontiersin.org
Space Weather is the portion of space physics that has a direct effect on humankind. Space
Weather is an old branch of space physics that originates back to 1808 with the publication …

Energization of O+ ions in the Earth's inner magnetosphere and the effects on ring current buildup: A review of previous observations and possible mechanisms

K Keika, LM Kistler, PC Brandt - Journal of Geophysical …, 2013 - Wiley Online Library
In situ observations and modeling work have confirmed that singly charged oxygen ions, O+,
which are of Earth's ionospheric origin, are heated/accelerated up to> 100 keV in the …

Adaptive numerical algorithms in space weather modeling

G Tóth, B Van der Holst, IV Sokolov… - Journal of …, 2012 - Elsevier
Space weather describes the various processes in the Sun–Earth system that present
danger to human health and technology. The goal of space weather forecasting is to provide …

Prebiotic chemistry and atmospheric warming of early Earth by an active young Sun

VS Airapetian, A Glocer, G Gronoff, E Hebrard… - Nature …, 2016 - nature.com
Nitrogen is a critical ingredient of complex biological molecules. Molecular nitrogen,
however, which was outgassed into the Earth's early atmosphere, is relatively chemically …

Space Weather Modeling Framework: A new tool for the space science community

G Tóth, IV Sokolov, TI Gombosi… - Journal of …, 2005 - Wiley Online Library
The Space Weather Modeling Framework (SWMF) provides a high‐performance flexible
framework for physics‐based space weather simulations, as well as for various space …

What sustained multi-disciplinary research can achieve: The space weather modeling framework

TI Gombosi, Y Chen, A Glocer, Z Huang… - Journal of Space …, 2021 - swsc-journal.org
Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD)-based global space weather models have mostly been
developed and maintained at academic institutions. While the “free spirit” approach of …

Community‐wide validation of geospace model ground magnetic field perturbation predictions to support model transition to operations

A Pulkkinen, L Rastätter, M Kuznetsova… - Space …, 2013 - Wiley Online Library
In this paper we continue the community‐wide rigorous modern space weather model
validation efforts carried out within GEM, CEDAR and SHINE programs. In this particular …

Two-way coupling of a global Hall magnetohydrodynamics model with a local implicit particle-in-cell model

LKS Daldorff, G Tóth, TI Gombosi, G Lapenta… - Journal of …, 2014 - Elsevier
Computational models based on a fluid description of the plasma, such as
magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) and extended magnetohydrodynamic (XMHD) codes are …

Solar flare effects in the Earth's magnetosphere

J Liu, W Wang, L Qian, W Lotko, AG Burns, K Pham… - Nature Physics, 2021 - nature.com
The Earth's magnetosphere is the outermost layer of the geospace system deflecting
energetic charged particles from the Sun and solar wind. The solar wind has major impacts …

Kinetic simulations of ring current evolution during the Geospace Environment Modeling challenge events

VK Jordanova, YS Miyoshi, S Zaharia… - Journal of …, 2006 - Wiley Online Library
We investigate the temporal and spatial evolution of the ring current during two storms
selected for study by the Geospace Environment Modeling (GEM) program using our kinetic …