The areal extent, concentration and thickness of sea ice in the Arctic Ocean and adjacent
seas have strongly decreased during the recent decades, but cold, snow-rich winters have …

We review the growing evidence for a widespread inconsistency between the low strength of
predictable signals in climate models and the relatively high level of agreement they exhibit …

This chapter assesses the causes of observed changes assessed in Chapters 2 to 5 and
uses understanding of physical processes, climate models and statistical approaches. The …

A powerful influence on the weather that we experience on the ground can be exerted by the
stratosphere. This highly stratified layer of Earth's atmosphere is found 10 to 50 kilometres …

This chapter assesses the scientific literature describing expectations for near-term climate
(present through mid-century). Unless otherwise stated," near-term" change and the …

Global warming first became evident beyond the bounds of natural variability in the 1970s,
but increases in global mean surface temperatures have stalled in the 2000s. Increases in …

Satellite remote sensing has provided major advances in understanding the climate system
and its changes, by quantifying processes and spatio-temporal states of the atmosphere …

The Melting Arctic and Midlatitude Weather Patterns: Are They Connected? in: Journal of
Climate Volume 28 Issue 20 (2015) Jump to Content Jump to Main Navigation Logo Logo Logo …

There is a growing need for skilful predictions of climate up to a decade ahead. Decadal
climate predictions show high skill for surface temperature, but confidence in forecasts of …

This paper describes the recommended solar forcing dataset for CMIP6 and highlights
changes with respect to CMIP5. The solar forcing is provided for radiative properties, namely …