The case for and against muscle synergies

MC Tresch, A Jarc - Current opinion in neurobiology, 2009‏ - Elsevier
A long standing goal in motor control is to determine the fundamental output controlled by
the CNS: does the CNS control the activation of individual motor units, individual muscles …

[HTML][HTML] Human upright posture control models based on multisensory inputs; in fast and slow dynamics

R Chiba, K Takakusaki, J Ota, A Yozu, N Haga - Neuroscience research, 2016‏ - Elsevier
Posture control to maintain an upright stance is one of the most important and basic
requirements in the daily life of humans. The sensory inputs involved in posture control …

Exoskeletons need to react faster than physiological responses to improve standing balance

ON Beck, MK Shepherd, R Rastogi, G Martino… - Science robotics, 2023‏ - science.org
Maintaining balance throughout daily activities is challenging because of the unstable
nature of the human body. For instance, a person's delayed reaction times limit their ability to …

Common muscle synergies for balance and walking

SA Chvatal, LH Ting - Frontiers in computational neuroscience, 2013‏ - frontiersin.org
Little is known about the integration of neural mechanisms for balance and locomotion.
Muscle synergies have been studied independently in standing balance and walking, but …

Neuromechanics of muscle synergies for posture and movement

LH Ting, JL McKay - Current opinion in neurobiology, 2007‏ - Elsevier
Recent research suggests that the nervous system controls muscles by activating flexible
combinations of muscle synergies to produce a wide repertoire of movements. Muscle …

Subject-specific muscle synergies in human balance control are consistent across different biomechanical contexts

G Torres-Oviedo, LH Ting - Journal of neurophysiology, 2010‏ - journals.physiology.org
The musculoskeletal redundancy of the body provides multiple solutions for performing
motor tasks. We have proposed that the nervous system solves this unconstrained problem …

[PDF][PDF] Contact-invariant optimization for hand manipulation

I Mordatch, Z Popović, E Todorov - Proceedings of the ACM …, 2012‏ - diglib.eg.org
We present a method for automatic synthesis of dexterous hand movements, given only high-
level goals specifying what should happen to the object being manipulated. Results are …

Intermittent control: a computational theory of human control

P Gawthrop, I Loram, M Lakie, H Gollee - Biological cybernetics, 2011‏ - Springer
The paradigm of continuous control using internal models has advanced understanding of
human motor control. However, this paradigm ignores some aspects of human control …

Muscle coordination is habitual rather than optimal

A De Rugy, GE Loeb, TJ Carroll - Journal of Neuroscience, 2012‏ - jneurosci.org
When sharing load among multiple muscles, humans appear to select an optimal pattern of
activation that minimizes costs such as the effort or variability of movement. How the nervous …

Do humans optimally exploit redundancy to control step variability in walking?

JB Dingwell, J John, JP Cusumano - PLoS computational biology, 2010‏ - journals.plos.org
It is widely accepted that humans and animals minimize energetic cost while walking. While
such principles predict average behavior, they do not explain the variability observed in …