Carbon dioxide (CO2) emission has caused greenhouse gas pollution worldwide. Hence,
strengthening CO2 recycling is necessary. CO2 electroreduction reaction (CRR) is …

Abstract The Imaging Ultraviolet Spectrograph (IUVS) is one of nine science instruments
aboard the Mars Atmosphere and Volatile and EvolutioN (MAVEN) spacecraft. MAVEN …

We present one Martian year of observations of the density and temperature in the upper
atmosphere of Mars (between 60 and 130 km) obtained by the Mars Express ultraviolet …

Mars today is much drier than the Earth, though they likely began with similar relative
amounts of water. One potential cause for this discrepancy is hydrogen loss to space, which …

Spectroscopy for the investigation of the characteristics of the atmosphere of Venus
(SPICAV) is a suite of three spectrometers in the UV and IR range with a total mass of 13.9 …

The planetary boundary layer (PBL) represents the part of the atmosphere that is strongly
influenced by the presence of the underlying surface and mediates the key interactions …

Abstract The Neutral Gas and Ion Mass Spectrometer (NGIMS) aboard the NASA Mars
Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN (MAVEN) mission measures the structure and variability …

Venus has thick clouds of H2SO4 aerosol particles extending from altitudes of 40 to 60 km.
The 60–100 km region (the mesosphere) is a transition region between the 4 day retrograde …

The vertical distribution of water vapor is key to the study of Mars' hydrological cycle. To
date, it has been explored mainly through global climate models because of a lack of direct …

Abstract Observations by the Mars Color Imager (MARCI) onboard the Mars
Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) in the ultraviolet (UV, Band 7; 320 nm) are used to …