Responses of terrestrial ecosystems to climate change have been explored in many regions
worldwide. While continued drying and warming may alter process rates and deteriorate the …

Arid ecosystems cover∼ 40% of the Earth's terrestrial surface and store a high proportion of
the global nitrogen (N) pool. They are low-productivity, low-biomass, and polyextreme …

The Environmental Effects Assessment Panel (EEAP) is one of three Panels of experts that
inform the Parties to the Montreal Protocol. The EEAP focuses on the effects of UV radiation …

Exposure of plants and animals to ultraviolet-B radiation (UV-B; 280–315 nm) is modified by
stratospheric ozone dynamics and climate change. Even though stabilisation and projected …

Larger, more frequent wildfires in arid and semi‐arid ecosystems have been associated with
invasion by non‐native annual grasses, yet a complete understanding of fine fuel …

Grassland is one of the largest terrestrial biomes, providing critical ecosystem services such
as food production, biodiversity conservation, and climate change mitigation. Global climate …

The existence of a synthetic program of research on what was then termed the “nocturnal
problem” and that we might now call “nighttime ecology” was declared more than 70 years …

Climate change is a world‐wide threat to biodiversity and ecosystem structure, functioning
and services. To understand the underlying drivers and mechanisms, and to predict the …

Leaf litter decomposition is a key component of global biogeochemical cycles that influence
soil carbon storage, nutrient availability and plant productivity. Ongoing climate change will …

Litter decomposition plays important roles in carbon and nutrient cycling. In dryland, both
microbial decomposition and abiotic degradation (by UV light or other forces) drive variation …