We develop a theory of change for payments for environmental services (PES) to review
their imminent strengths and weaknesses in light of a growing body of impact evaluation …

A common challenge in species conservation and management is how to incorporate
species movements into management objectives. There often is a lack of knowledge of …

There is a growing pressure of human activities on natural habitats, which leads to
biodiversity losses. To mitigate the impact of human activities, environmental policies are …

World governments have committed to halting human-induced extinctions and safeguarding
important sites for biodiversity by 2020, but the financial costs of meeting these targets are …

A vast number of prioritization schemes have been developed to help conservation navigate
tough decisions about the allocation of finite resources. However, the application of …

Spatial representations of threatening processes–“threat maps”–can identify where
biodiversity is at risk, and are often used to identify priority locations for conservation. In …

Funds to combat biodiversity loss are insufficient, requiring conservation managers to make
trade-offs between costs for actions to avoid further loss and costs for research and …

Understanding the vulnerability of tree species to anthropogenic threats is important for the
efficient planning of restoration and conservation efforts. We quantified and compared the …

Threats to biodiversity and the integrity of ecological systems are escalating globally, both
within and outside of protected areas. Decision makers have inadequate resources to …

Limited conservation resources mean that management decisions are often made on the
basis of scarce biological information. Species distribution models (SDMs) are increasingly …