Abstract Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs) are known as a promising
alternative for internal combustion engines (ICE) to reduce pollution. Recent progress of …

Due to its merit of rapid start-up, lower pollution and high energy conversion efficiency,
polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) system has been considered as one of the …

In this review,“cold start” is defined as the startup of proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel
cells from subfreezing temperatures. Problems occurring during the cold start pose some of …

Proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) can be a significant eco-friendly alternative
power source for vehicles. However, under subfreezing conditions, cell degradation and …

The multi-phase numerical study is performed for the large-scale proton exchange
membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) regarding coolant flow field design. In this study, three …

This paper investigates the cold start characteristic of the polymer electrolyte membrane fuel
cell stack in the constant voltage startup mode. The stack is used in actual vehicle working …

A fast, reliable and harmless cold start for proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC)
systems is essential for transportation applications. This paper discusses an experimental …

Cold start of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) at sub-zero temperatures is
perceived as one of the obstacles in their commercialization way in automotive application …

Starting the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) stack from subfreezing
temperatures is a remaining challenge for the commercialization of PEMFC vehicles. This …

Successful and rapid startup of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) at
subfreezing temperatures (also called cold start) is of great importance for their …