Poisoning from lead shot in waterbirds has been well documented globally and, in some
countries, legislation exists to combat lead toxicosis at wetlands and/or in waterbirds …

This review article is the third in a series on animal poisoning in Europe and represents a
collation of published and non-published wildlife poisoning data from Belgium, France …

Biomonitoring using birds of prey as sentinel species has been mooted as a way to evaluate
the success of European Union directives that are designed to protect people and the …

Lead is a highly toxic heavy metal that acts as a nonspecific poison affecting all body
systems and has no known biological requirement. Absorption of low concentrations may …

Long-lived species are particularly susceptible to bioaccumulation of lead in bone tissues. In
this paper we gain insights into the sublethal effects of lead contamination on Egyptian …

Lead poisoning mortality, through the ingestion of spent shot, is long established in
waterfowl, and more recently in raptors and other avian taxa. Raptors (vultures, hawks …

Lead contamination is a widely recognised conservation problem for raptors worldwide.
There are a number of studies in individual raptor species but those data have not been …

Published results concerning metal levels in feathers of birds of prey were listed and
evaluated. Mercury concentrations have been studied most and the background values …

Naturally lead (plumbum, Pb) is embedded in the earth's crust at a concentration of 0.016 g
Pb/kg soil, making it a relatively rare metal. From there it is released into the environment by …

The ingestion of lead (Pb) ammunition is the most important exposure pathway to this metal
in birds and involve negative consequences to their health. We have performed a passive …