Many psychiatric disorders, despite their specific characteristics, share deficits in the
cognitive domain including executive functions, emotional control and memory. However …

Excitation–transcription coupling (E–TC) links synaptic and cellular activity to nuclear gene
transcription. It is generally accepted that E–TC makes a crucial contribution to learning and …

The neuronal gene Arc is essential for long-lasting information storage in the mammalian
brain, mediates various forms of synaptic plasticity, and has been implicated in …

Transposable element (TE)-derived sequences are ubiquitous in most eukaryotic genomes
known to date. Because their expression and mobility can lead to genomic instability …

It has been 70 years since Donald Hebb published his formalized theory of synaptic
adaptation during learning. Hebb's seminal work foreshadowed some of the great …

Neuroinflammation is a major contributor to disease progression in Alzheimer's disease
(AD) and is characterized by the activity of brain resident glial cells, in particular microglia …

In the brain, neuronal gene expression is dynamically changed in response to neuronal
activity. In particular, the expression of immediate-early genes (IEGs) such as egr-1, c-fos …

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is an important regulator of synaptic transmission
and long-term potentiation (LTP) in the hippocampus and in other brain regions, playing a …

Pavlovian fear conditioning is a particularly useful behavioral paradigm for exploring the
molecular mechanisms of learning and memory because a well-defined response to a …

Emotionally significant experiences tend to be well remembered, and the amygdala has a
pivotal role in this process. But the efficient encoding of emotional memories can become …