T cell help to B cells is a fundamental aspect of adaptive immunity and the generation of
immunological memory. Follicular helper CD4 T (TFH) cells are the specialized providers of …

Vaccines work by eliciting an immune response and consequent immunological memory
that mediates protection from infection or disease. Recently, new methods have been …

Single-cell RNA-sequencing has emerged as a powerful technique for characterizing
cellular heterogeneity, but it is currently impractical on large sample cohorts and cannot be …

Chronic HBV (CHB) infection suppresses virus-specific T cells, but its impact on humoral
immunity has been poorly analyzed. Here, we developed a dual-staining method that …

When B cells encounter an antigen, they alter their physiological state and anatomical
localization and initiate a differentiation process that ultimately produces antibody-secreting …

Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) is a human tumor virus and a model of herpesviral latency. The
virus efficiently infects resting human B lymphocytes and induces their continuous …

Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is an inflammatory disease affecting the optic nerve and spinal
cord, in which autoantibodies against aquaporin 4 (AQP4) water channel protein probably …

Monoclonal antibodies are increasingly used to prevent and treat viral infections and are
pivotal in pandemic response efforts. Antibody-secreting cells (ASCs; plasma cells and …

A relatively high number of different subsets of B‐cells are generated through the
differentiation of early B‐cell precursors into mature B‐lymphocytes in the bone marrow (BM) …

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell cancer that develops in the skeleton causing
profound bone destruction and fractures. The bone disease is mediated by increased …