A taxonomy of 31 multiple-choice item-writing guidelines was validated through a logical
process that included two sources of evidence: the consensus achieved from reviewing what …

Since test items are the building blocks of any test, learning how to develop and validate test
items has always been critical to the teaching-learning process. As they grow in importance …

In recent years, there has been increasing interest in using the methods of educational data
mining (EDM) and learning analytics (LA) to study and measure learner cognition. In this …

Psychological Testing Page 1 Psychological Testing Principles and Applications Fourth
Edition Kevin R. Murphy Colorado State University Charles O. Davidshofer Colorado State …

This book is intended for anyone who is seriously interested in designing and validating
multiple-choice test items that measure understanding and the application of knowledge and …

An easy-to-understand overview of the key concepts of psychological testing Fully updated
and revised, the second edition of Essentials of Psychological Testing surveys the basic …

E-rater has been used by the Educational Testing Service for automated essay scoring since
1999. This paper describes a new version of e-rater (V. 2) that is different from other …

Der Messung von Kompetenzen kommt demnach eine Schlüsselfunktion für die
Optimierung von Bildungsprozessen und für die Weiterentwicklung des Bildungswesens zu …

Why do grades and test scores often differ? A framework of possible differences is proposed
in this article. An approximation of the framework was tested with data on 8,454 high school …

There have been many important changes in the participation of women and men in
American society over the past quarter-century. Tests play a role in those changes by …