A cell spheroid is a three-dimensional (3D) aggregation of cells. Synthetic, in-vitro spheroids
provide similar metabolism, proliferation, and species concentration gradients to those found …

The mechanisms behind cancer initiation and progression are not clear. Therefore,
development of clinically relevant models to study cancer biology and drug response in …

Hypoxia is an important characteristic of most solid malignancies, and is closely related to
tumor prognosis and therapeutic resistance. Hypoxia is one of the most important factors …

Living cells have evolved over billions of years to develop structural and functional
complexity with numerous intracellular compartments that are formed due to liquid–liquid …

Abstract Three-dimensional (3D) cell culture has tremendous advantages to closely mimic
the in vivo architecture and microenvironment of healthy tissue and organs, as well as of …

Cancer remains one of the leading causes of death, albeit enormous efforts to cure the
disease. To overcome the major challenges in cancer therapy, we need to have a better …

Evolving understanding of structural and biological complexity of tumors has stimulated
development of physiologically relevant tumor models for cancer research and drug …

Spheroids have emerged as in vitro models that reproduce in a great extent the architectural
microenvironment found in human tissues. However, the imaging of 3D cell cultures is highly …

Cancer is one of the leading causes of death globally according to the World Health
Organization. Although improved treatments and early diagnoses have reduced cancer …

Hypoxia is an important feature of most solid tumors, conferring resistance to radiation and
many forms of chemotherapy. However, it is possible to exploit the presence of tumor …