Traditional building materials have some drawbacks in the construction industry, particularly
in terms of greenhouse gas emissions and energy consumption. Biomaterials derived from …

As a source of several valuable products, photosynthetic microorganisms (microalgae and
cyanobacteria) have many applications in biomedical, electrochemical, and urban-space …

Providing daylighting and glare control in office buildings has always been one of the
challenges for designers. This research investigates patterns for designing façades with …

As a state-of-the-art green façade technology, building-integrated microalgae bioreactor has
the potential to reduce buildings' carbon footprint and energy consumption. The present …

As a recent trend in the energy-efficient architecture, microalgae bio-reactive façades can
control buildings' thermal loads by the responsiveness to solar radiations and adaptive …

A continued upward trend in global greenhouse gas emissions is estimated to see average
temperatures rise by 2.7° C before 2100. This warming effect presents risks to global …

Recently, intelligent façades (IFs) have become key factors to achieve sustainable
development goals in the architectural sector. Research in this area is steadily growing …

Environmental pollution, global warming, energy consumption, and limited natural resources
are some key factors from which today's built environment faces interrelated problems and …

Energy-efficient envelopes integrated with different shading devices, as noticeable passive
design strategies, have been of great interest for research studies. However, there is a lack …

Low indoor air quality is an increasingly important problem due to the spread of
urbanization. Because people spend most of their time inside, poor indoor air quality causes …