More than a century ago, William Morton Wheeler proposed that social insect colonies can
be regarded as superorganisms when they have morphologically differentiated reproductive …

Explanations of cooperation between non-kin in animal societies often suggest that
individuals exchange resources or services and that cooperation is maintained by …

Human cooperation is highly unusual. We live in large groups composed mostly of non-
relatives. Evolutionists have proposed a number of explanations for this pattern, including …

The evolution of life on earth has been driven by a small number of major evolutionary
transitions. These transitions have been characterized by individuals that could previously …

If we were to point out in a few words what characterises the phenomenon of life, we would
probably mention the amazing plasticity and robustness of living systems, the innumerable …

Literature Cited to accompany Animal Communication, 2e Page 1 Principles of Animal
Communication, Second Edition Jack W. Bradbury and Sandra L. Vehrencamp Chapter 14 …

Living things are organized in a hierarchy of levels. Genes group together in cells, cells
group together in organisms, and organisms group together in societies. Even different …

Humans are an intensely social species, frequently performing costly behaviors that benefit
others. Efforts to solve the evolutionary puzzle of altruism have a lengthy history, and recent …

Significant criticisms have emerged on the way that collective behaviours in team sports
have been traditionally evaluated. A major recommendation has been for future research …

Prokaryotic CRISPR-Cas adaptive immune systems insert spacers derived from viruses and
other parasitic DNA elements into CRISPR loci to provide sequence-specific immunity,. This …