A latitude–longitude grid is used by almost all operational atmospheric forecast models, and
many research models. However, it is expected that the advantages of a latitude–longitude …

Close-in giant exoplanets with temperatures greater than 2,000 K ('ultra-hot Jupiters') have
been the subject of extensive efforts to determine their atmospheric properties using thermal …

There are no planets intermediate in size between Earth and Neptune in our Solar System,
yet these objects are found around a substantial fraction of other stars. Population statistics …

This paper presents the ECCO v4 non-linear inverse modeling framework and its baseline
solution for the evolving ocean state over the period 1992–2011. Both components are …

The goal of the Chemistry‐Climate Model Validation (CCMVal) activity is to improve
understanding of chemistry‐climate models (CCMs) through process‐oriented evaluation …

We present thermal phase curve measurements for the hot Jupiter WASP-103b observed
with Hubble/WFC3 and Spitzer/IRAC. The phase curves have large amplitudes and …

Over a large range of equilibrium temperatures, clouds shape the transmission spectrum of
hot Jupiter atmospheres, yet their composition remains unknown. Recent observations show …

Finite element exterior calculus is an approach to the design and understanding of finite
element discretizations for a wide variety of systems of partial differential equations. This …

The magnetosphere of an exoplanet has yet to be unambiguously detected. Investigations of
star–planet interaction and neutral atomic hydrogen absorption during transit to detect …

The temperature profile of a planetary atmosphere is a key diagnostic of radiative and
dynamical processes governing the absorption, redistribution and emission of energy …