Organic batteries using redox-active polymers and small organic compounds have become
promising candidates for next-generation energy storage devices due to the abundance …

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent-organic frameworks (COFs) are constituting
two new classes of highly crystalline advanced permeable materials that have purchased …

In aqueous zinc ion batteries (ZIBs), the H+ intercalation possesses superior
electrochemical kinetics with excellent rate capability, however, precisely modulating H+ …

Since the hydrogen bond (HB) was proposed and confirmed by chemists in the 1920s, it has
played a very important role in the fields of chemistry, biology, physics, and materials …

Proton is a charge carrier with the smallest ionic size and quickest kinetics, making aqueous
proton batteries (APBs), a promising technology for safe and profitable energy storage …

Ammonium‐ion batteries (AIBs) have recently attracted increasing attention in the field of
aqueous batteries owing to their high safety and fast diffusion kinetics. The NH4+ storage …

Aqueous batteries are emerging as highly promising contenders for large‐scale grid energy
storage because of uncomplicated assembly, exceptional safety, and cost‐effectiveness …

Charge carriers are fundamental components of batteries that determine battery chemistry
and performance. Non-metallic charge carriers provide an alternative to metallic charge …

Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) with low cost and high safety are considered as an
electrochemical energy storage technology suitable for large-scale energy storage. Hard …

Rechargeable aqueous Zn-ion energy storage devices are promising candidates for next-
generation energy storage technologies. However, the lack of highly reversible Zn2+ …