Anthropogenic increases in fossil fuel emissions have been a primary driver of increased
concentrations of atmospheric carbon dioxide ([CO 2]) and other greenhouse gases …

Photorespiration is essential for C3 plants but operates at the massive expense of fixed
carbon dioxide and energy. Photorespiration is initiated when the initial enzyme of …

Crop leaves in full sunlight dissipate damaging excess absorbed light energy as heat. This
protective dissipation continues after the leaf transitions to shade, reducing crop …

The leaf economics spectrum (LES) represents a suite of intercorrelated leaf traits
concerning construction costs per unit leaf area, nutrient concentrations, and rates of carbon …

Mesophyll diffusion conductance to CO2 is a key photosynthetic trait that has been studied
intensively in the past years. The intention of the present review is to update knowledge of …

Plant responses to the projected future levels of CO2 were first characterized in short-term
experiments lasting days to weeks. However, longer term acclimation responses to elevated …

Stimulation of C 3 crop yield by rising concentrations of atmospheric carbon dioxide ([CO 2])
is widely expected to counteract crop losses that are due to greater drought this century. But …

This review summarizes current understanding of the mechanisms that underlie the
response of photosynthesis and stomatal conductance to elevated carbon dioxide …

The yield potential (Yp) of a grain crop is the seed mass per unit ground area obtained
under optimum growing conditions without weeds, pests and diseases. It is determined by …

During photosynthesis, CO2 moves from the atmosphere (Ca) surrounding the leaf to the
sub‐stomatal internal cavities (Ci) through stomata, and from there to the site of …