In vivo two-photon calcium imaging (2PCI) is a technique used for recording neuronal
activity in the intact brain. It is based on the principle that, when neurons fire action …

Optogenetics ushered in a revolution in how neuroscientists interrogate brain function.
Because of technical limitations, the majority of optogenetic studies have used low spatial …

Map** behavioural actions to neural activity is a fundamental goal of neuroscience. As our
ability to record large neural and behavioural data increases, there is growing interest in …

Genetically encoded indicators engineered from G-protein-coupled receptors are important
tools that enable high-resolution in vivo neuromodulator imaging. Here, we introduce a …

Hippocampal neurons encode physical variables,,,,,–such as space or auditory frequency in
cognitive maps. In addition, functional magnetic resonance imaging studies in humans have …

Learning has been associated with modifications of synaptic and circuit properties, but the
precise changes storing information in mammals have remained largely unclear. We …

The hippocampus is crucial for spatial navigation and episodic memory formation.
Hippocampal place cells exhibit spatially selective activity within an environment and have …

INTRODUCTION Neuromodulators, such as dopamine, norepinephrine, or serotonin, exert
powerful control over neural circuit dynamics that give rise to diverse neural function and …

In the hippocampus, spatial maps are formed by place cells while contextual memories are
thought to be encoded as engrams,,,,–. Engrams are typically identified by expression of the …

Video-based screening of pooled libraries is a powerful approach for directed evolution of
biosensors because it enables selection along multiple dimensions simultaneously from …