Spin–orbit torque (SOT) is an emerging technology that enables the efficient manipulation of
spintronic devices. The initial processes of interest in SOTs involved electric fields, spin …

Spintronics is one of the emerging fields for the next-generation nanoelectronic devices to
reduce their power consumption and to increase their memory and processing capabilities …

Magnetism is one of the largest, most fundamental, and technologically most relevant fields
of condensed-matter physics. Traditionally, two basic magnetic phases have been …

Modern computation based on von Neumann architecture is now a mature cutting-edge
science. In the von Neumann architecture, processing and memory units are implemented …

Neuromorphic computing uses brain-inspired principles to design circuits that can perform
computational tasks with superior power efficiency to conventional computers. Approaches …

Digital data, generated by corporate and individual users, is growing day by day due to a
vast range of digital applications. Magnetic hard disk drives (HDDs) currently fulfill the …

Current-induced spin-orbit torque (SOT) is attracting increasing interest and exciting
significant research activity. We aim to provide a comprehensive review of recent progress in …

Data-intensive computing operations, such as training neural networks, are essential for
applications in artificial intelligence but are energy intensive. One solution is to develop …

A neuromorphic computing system may be able to learn and perform a task on its own by
interacting with its surroundings. Combining such a chip with complementary metal–oxide …

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