Dendritic cells (DCs) are the key link between innate immunity and adaptive immunity and
play crucial roles in both the promotion of immune defense and the maintenance of immune …

Strong evidence has been accumulated since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic that
neutrophils play an important role in the pathophysiology, particularly in those with severe …

Iron is an essential micronutrient for virtually all living cells. In infectious diseases, both
invading pathogens and mammalian cells including those of the immune system require iron …

Macular edema consists of intra-or subretinal fluid accumulation in the macular region. It
occurs during the course of numerous retinal disorders and can cause severe impairment of …

For more than two decades, sepsis was defined as a microbial infection that produces fever
(or hypothermia), tachycardia, tachypnoea and blood leukocyte changes. Sepsis is now …

As an essential component of innate immunity, macrophages have multiple functions in both
inhibiting or promoting cell proliferation and tissue repair. Diversity and plasticity are …

The innate immune system is central for the maintenance of tissue homeostasis and quickly
responds to local or systemic perturbations by pathogenic or sterile insults. This rapid …

Metals are essential components in all forms of life required for the function of nearly half of
all enzymes and are critically involved in virtually all fundamental biological processes …

COVID-19, disease caused by the new coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, appeared in the end of
2019 and was rapidly spread in most countries. This respiratory virus has different symptoms …

Mononuclear phagocyte plasticity includes the expression of functions related to the
resolution of inflammation, tissue repair and remodelling, particularly when these cells are …