Particle simulation of plasmas, employed since the 1960s, provides a self-consistent, fully
kinetic representation of general plasmas. Early incarnations looked for fundamental plasma …

Abstract Particle-in-cell (PIC) methods have a long history in the study of laser-plasma
interactions. Early electromagnetic codes used the Yee staggered grid for field variables …

Abstract The Particle-In-Cell (PIC) method has been developed by Oscar Buneman, Charles
Birdsall, Roger W. Hockney, and John Dawson in the 1950s and, with the advances of …

We describe OSIRIS, a three-dimensional, relativistic, massively parallel, object oriented
particle-in-cell code for modeling plasma based accelerators. Developed in Fortran 90, the …

The habitability of the surface of any planet is determined by a complex evolution of its
interior, surface, and atmosphere. The electromagnetic and particle radiation of stars drive …

Magnetic reconnection in relativistic collisionless plasmas can accelerate particles and
power high-energy emission in various astrophysical systems. Whereas most previous …

VORPAL is a new plasma simulation code designed for maximum flexibility through use of
advance C++ techniques. Through use of inheritance, VORPAL incorporates multiple …

The object-oriented paradigm provides an opportunity for advanced PIC modeling,
increased flexibility, and extensibility. Particle-in-cell codes for simulating plasmas are …

We present a novel framework for finite element particle-in-cell methods based on the
discretization of the underlying Hamiltonian structure of the Vlasov–Maxwell system. We …

The new method of local electric current density assignment in the Particle-in-Cell code in
Cartesian geometry is presented. The method is valid for an arbitrary quasi-particle form …