Carotenoids are isoprenoid metabolites synthesized de novo in all photosynthetic
organisms. Carotenoids are essential for plants with diverse functions in photosynthesis …

Ecologically mediated selection against hybrids, caused by hybrid phenotypes fitting poorly
into available niches, is typically viewed as distinct from selection caused by epistatic …

In the formation of species, adaptation by natural selection generates distinct combinations
of traits that function well together. The maintenance of adaptive trait combinations in the …

The evolutionary switch to hummingbird pollination exemplifies complex adaptation,
requiring evolutionary change in multiple component traits. Despite this complexity, diverse …

Floral spurs, widely recognized as a classic example of key morphological and functional
innovation and thought to have promoted the origin and adaptive evolution of many …

The Ranunculales are a hyperdiverse lineage in many aspects of their phenotype, including
growth habit, floral and leaf morphology, reproductive mode, and specialized metabolism …

Here, we describe a polymorphic population of Aquilegia coerulea with a naturally occurring
floral homeotic mutant, A. coerulea var. daileyae, where the characteristic petals with nectar …

Salt stress has a considerable impact on the development and growth of plants. The soil is
currently affected by salinisation, a problem that is becoming worse every year. This means …

Premise Determining the developmental programs underlying morphological variation is key
to elucidating the evolutionary processes that generated the stunning biodiversity of the …

The modification of fertile stamens into sterile staminodes has occurred independently many
times in the flowering plant lineage. In the genus Aquilegia (columbine) and its closest …