The first generation of stars, often called Population III (or Pop III), form from metal-free
primordial gas at redshifts z∼ 30 and below. They dominate the cosmic star-formation …

The existence of∼ 109M⊙ supermassive black holes (SMBHs) within the first billion years
of the Universe has stimulated numerous ideas for the prompt formation and rapid growth of …

Spectroscopy with the James Webb Space Telescope has opened the possibility of
identifying moderate-luminosity active galactic nuclei (AGNs) in the early Universe, at and …

Galaxy formation is at the heart of our understanding of cosmic evolution. Although there is a
consensus that galaxies emerged from the expanding matter background by gravitational …

We perform a large set of radiation hydrodynamic simulations of primordial star formation in
a fully cosmological context. Our statistical sample of 100 First Stars shows that the first …

Massive black holes (BHs) are at once exotic and yet ubiquitous, residing at the centers of
massive galaxies in the local Universe. Recent years have seen remarkable advances in …

Evidence shows that massive black holes reside in most local galaxies. Studies have also
established a number of relations between the MBH mass and properties of the host galaxy …

We perform a large set of cosmological simulations of early structure formation and follow
the formation and evolution of 1540 star-forming gas clouds to derive the mass distribution of …

The enormous radiative and mechanical luminosities of massive stars impact a vast range of
scales and processes, from the reionization of the universe, to the evolution of galaxies, to …

The creation of carbon and oxygen in our Universe is one of the forefront questions in
nuclear astrophysics. The determination of the abundance of these elements is key to our …