Very rapidly after Varroa destructor invaded apiaries of Apis mellifera, the devastating effect
of this mite prompted an active research effort to understand and control this parasite. Over a …

Propolis is one of the most fascinating honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) products. It is a plant
derived product that bees produce from resins that they collect from different plant organs …

Methods are described for working with Nosema apis and Nosema ceranae in the field and
in the laboratory. For fieldwork, different sampling methods are described to determine …

Adult honey bees are maintained in vitro in laboratory cages for a variety of purposes. For
example, researchers may wish to perform experiments on honey bees caged individually or …

American foulbrood (AFB) is a highly virulent disease afflicting honey bees (Apis mellifera).
The causative organism, Paenibacillus larvae, attacks honey bee brood and renders entire …

Here we cover a wide range of methods currently in use and recommended in modern
queen rearing, selection and breeding. The recommendations are meant to equally serve as …

A variety of methods are used in honey bee research and differ depending on the level at
which the research is conducted. On an individual level, the handling of individual honey …

Increased production of insects on a large scale for food and feed will likely lead to many
novel challenges, including problems with diseases. We provide an overview of important …

Honey bees (Apis mellifera) are constantly dealing with threats from pathogens, pests,
pesticides and poor nutrition. It is critically important to understand how honey bees' natural …

Honey bee queens are highly polyandrous and mate in flight. Instrumental insemination is
an essential tool that provides complete control of honey bee mating for research and …