Chloroplasts are crucial players in the activation of defensive hormonal responses during
plant-pathogen interactions. Here, we show that a plant virus-encoded protein re-localizes …

Bivalent histone modifications, including functionally opposite H3K4me3 and H3K27me3
marks simultaneously on the same nucleosome, control various cellular processes by fine …

Nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat-containing (NLR) proteins function as
sensors that perceive pathogen molecules and activate immunity. In plants, the …

Bacterial wilt caused by the soil-borne plant pathogen Ralstonia solanacearum is a
devastating disease worldwide. Upon plant colonization, R. solanacearum replicates …

Effector proteins delivered inside plant cells are powerful weapons for bacterial pathogens,
but this exposes the pathogen to potential recognition by the plant immune system …

Many bacterial plant pathogens employ a type III secretion system to inject effector proteins
within plant cells to suppress plant immunity. Whether and how effector proteins also co-opt …

Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), the causal agent of stripe rust, is a destructive pathogen
of Triticum aestivum (wheat), threatening wheat production worldwide. Pst delivers hundreds …

Phytoplasmas are insect-borne bacterial pathogens capable of secreting effectors into host
cells and interfering with host plant defense response processes. Previous studies have …

Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV), a member of the genus Begomovirus of the
Geminiviridae family, causes leaf curl disease of tomato that significantly affects tomato …

Geminiviruses constitute the largest group of known plant viruses and cause devastating
losses to a wide range of crops and woody plants globally. Mulberry mosaic dwarf …