The general secretory (Sec) pathway comprises an essential, ubiquitous and universal
export machinery for most proteins that integrate into, or translocate through, the plasma …

Many proteins are translocated across the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane in
eukaryotes or the plasma membrane in prokaryotes. These proteins use hydrophobic signal …

The biogenesis, folding, and structure of α-helical membrane proteins (MPs) are important to
understand because they underlie virtually all physiological processes in cells including key …

Cotranslational protein translocation is a universally conserved process for secretory and
membrane protein biosynthesis. Nascent polypeptides emerging from a translating …

Membrane proteins mediate processes that are fundamental for the flourishing of biological
cells. Membrane-embedded transporters move ions and larger solutes across membranes; …

Membrane proteins play critical physiological roles in all organisms, from ion transport and
signal transduction to multidrug resistance. Elucidating their 3D structures is essential for …

The Sec61 or SecY channel, a universally conserved protein-conducting channel,
translocates proteins across and integrates proteins into the eukaryotic endoplasmic …

Newly synthesized membrane proteins must be accurately inserted into the membrane,
folded and assembled for proper functioning. The protein YidC inserts its substrates into the …

Secreted and integral membrane proteins compose up to one-third of the biological
proteome. These proteins contain hydrophobic signals that direct their translocation across …

Hydrophobic signal sequences target secretory polypeptides to a protein-conducting
channel formed by a heterotrimeric membrane protein complex, the prokaryotic SecY or …