Host-associated microbiomes play an increasingly appreciated role in animal metabolism,
immunity and health. The microbes in turn depend on their host for resources and can be …

Multilevel societies (MLSs), stable nuclear social units within a larger collective
encompassing multiple nested social levels, occur in several mammalian lineages. Their …

Human caregivers interacting with children typically modify their speech in ways that
promote attention, bonding, and language acquisition. Although this “motherese,” or child …

Abstract In Shark Bay, Western Australia, male bottlenose dolphins form a complex nested
alliance hierarchy. At the first level, pairs or trios of unrelated males cooperate to herd …

Vocal interactions are intrinsic features of social groups and can play a pivotal role in social
bonding. 1, 2 Dunbar's social bonding hypothesis posits that vocal exchanges evolved to" …

Male alliances are an intriguing phenomenon in the context of reproduction since, in most
taxa, males compete over an indivisible resource, female fertilization. Adult male bottlenose …

Investigations into cooperative partner choice should consider both potential and realised
partners, allowing for the comparison of traits across all those available. Male bottlenose …

Cultural behavior, which is transmitted among conspecifics through social learning [1], is
found across various taxa [2–6]. Vertical social transmission from parent to offspring [7] is …

In recent decades, a number of studies have examined whether various non-human animals
understand their partner's role in cooperative situations. Yet the relatively tolerant timing …

Synchronous displays are hallmarks of many animal societies, ranging from the pulsing
flashes of fireflies, to military marching in humans. Such displays are known to facilitate mate …