Wearable devices provide an alternative pathway to clinical diagnostics by exploiting
various physical, chemical and biological sensors to mine physiological (biophysical and/or …

Flexible electronics is an emerging field of research involving multiple disciplines, which
include but not limited to physics, chemistry, materials science, electronic engineering, and …

Hydrogels are polymer networks infiltrated with water. Many biological hydrogels in animal
bodies such as muscles, heart valves, cartilages, and tendons possess extreme mechanical …

The osmotic pressure difference between river water and seawater is a promising source of
renewable energy. However, current osmotic energy conversion processes show limited …

Extensive efforts have been made to harvest energy from water in the form of raindrops,,,,–,
river and ocean waves,, tides and others,,,,,,–. However, achieving a high density of …

Conductive hydrogels can be prepared by incorporating various conductive materials into
polymeric network hydrogels. In recent years, conductive hydrogels have been developed …

Artificial intelligence (AI) is accelerating the development of unconventional computing
paradigms inspired by the abilities and energy efficiency of the brain. The human brain …

An ionotronic device functions by a hybrid circuit of mobile ions and mobile electrons.
Hydrogels are stretchable, transparent, ionic conductors that can transmit electrical signals …

Hydrogels are essential biomaterials due to their favorable biocompatibility, mechanical
properties similar to human soft tissue extracellular matrix, and tissue repair properties. In …

As polymer networks infiltrated with water, hydrogels constitute the major components of the
human body; and hydrogels have been widely used in applications that closely interact with …