In an epidemic, individuals can widely differ in the way they spread the infection depending
on their age or on the number of days they have been infected for. In the absence of …

The aim of this paper is to develop a fractional order mathematical model for describing the
spread of hepatitis B virus (HBV). We also provide a rigorous mathematical analysis of the …

Public health services are constantly searching for ways to reduce the spread of infectious
diseases, such as public vaccination of asymptomatic individuals, quarantine and treatment …

We formulate an age-structured cholera model with four partial differential equations
describing the transmission dynamics of human hosts and one ordinary differential equation …

In this paper, we first formulate a system of ODEs–PDE to model diseases with latency-age
and differential infectivity. Then, based on the ways how latent individuals leave the latent …

Emerging infectious diseases are one of the global public health problems which may lead
to widespread epidemics and potentially life-threatening infection. Integrated vaccination …

Motivations: Hepatitis B is a potentially life-threatening infectious disease caused by the
hepatitis B virus (HBV). Approximately 390,000 people in China die from HBV-related …

In order to seek the optimal time-profiles of public health systems (PHS) Intervention to favor
vaccine propensity, we apply optimal control (OC) to a SIR model with voluntary vaccination …

In this paper, we consider an endemic Susceptible‐Exposed‐Infectious‐Recovered model
with continuous age‐structure for exposed and infectious classes. This work is appropriate …

Hepatitis B is a liver infection induced by the hepatitis B virus (HBV). In this paper, the
dynamics involved in the transmission of HBV is mathematically formulated with …