Abstract The Mars Express spacecraft is operating in Mars orbit since early 2004. The Mars
Express Radio Science Experiment (MaRS) employs the spacecraft and ground station …

The Martian ionosphere originates from the ionization of the planetary neutral atmosphere
by solar radiation. This conductive layer is embedded within the thermosphere and …

This study assesses under what circumstances the Martian ionopause is formed on the
dayside, both in regions where there are strong crustal magnetic fields and areas where …

We describe the Mars ionosphere with unprecedented detail in 3‐D, as simulated by a Mars
general circulation model (the Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique Mars GCM), and …

Abstract Mars Express, the first European interplanetary mission, carries the Mars Advanced
Radar for Subsurface and Ionosphere Sounding (MARSIS) to search for ice and water in the …

The Martian bow shock distance has previously been shown to be anticorrelated with solar
wind dynamic pressure but correlated with solar extreme ultraviolet (EUV) irradiance. Since …

Abstract The Mars Advanced Radar for Subsurface and Ionosphere Sounding (MARSIS)
onboard Mars Express, which operates between 0.1 and 5.5 MHz, suffered from a complete …

Mars's magnetosphere is a sensitive system, varying due to external and internal factors,
such as solar wind conditions and crustal magnetic fields. A signature of this influence can …

The response of the Martian ionosphere to solar activity is analyzed by taking into account
variations in a range of parameters during four phases of the solar cycle throughout 2005 …

In the absence of an intrinsic magnetic field, the solar wind interacts directly with the Martian
atmosphere, and the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) drapes around the ionosphere. With …