Simple Summary Spring in Europe has been trending earlier for almost half a century. Long-
distance migrant birds, such as the Willow Warbler and Pied Flycatcher, which breed in …

The genetic basis of bird migration has been the focus of several studies. Two willow
warbler subspecies (Phylloscopus trochilus trochilus and Phylloscopus trochilus acredula) …

Twice-a-year, large-scale movement of billions of birds across latitudinal gradients is one of
the most fascinating behavioral phenomena seen among animals. These seasonal voyages …

Migratory routes and remote wintering quarters in birds are often species and even
population specific. It has been known for decades that songbirds mainly migrate solitarily …

Hybridization is a common phenomenon in birds, particularly between closely related
species, when reproductive isolation mechanisms are insufficiently developed. Hybrids differ …

Background Many migrant birds have been returning to Europe earlier in spring since the
1980s. This has been attributed mostly to an earlier onset of spring in Europe, but we found …

It is a long-standing view that the main mechanism maintaining narrow migratory divides in
passerines is the selection against intermediate and suboptimal migratory direction, but …

Differences in migratory behavior have been suggested to drive speciation, but the genetics
underlying this process remain unknown. Identification and study of migratory divides can …

Background Small songbirds respond and adapt to various geographical barriers during
their annual migration. Global flyways reveal the diverse migration strategies in response to …

Right before northern hemisphere's summer shifts to autumn small insect-eating birds start
lengthy journeys to tropical regions. It is well established that temporary lack food and …