This paper reviews the latest developments of displacement map** algorithms
implemented on the vertex, geometry, and fragment shaders of graphics cards …

Thoroughly revised, this third edition focuses on modern techniques used to generate
synthetic three-dimensional images in a fraction of a second. With the advent of …

We present a new, real-time method for rendering diffuse and glossy objects in low-
frequency lighting environments that captures soft shadows, interreflections, and caustics …

The various types of shadows are characterized. Most existing shadow algorithms are
described, and their complexities, advantages, and shortcomings are discussed. Hard …

This paper presents a technique for map** relief textures onto arbitrary polygonal models
in real time. In this approach, the map** of the relief data is done in tangent space. As a …

Ambient occlusion is a lighting model that approximates the amount of light reaching a point
on a diffuse surface based on its directly visible occluders. It gives perceptual clues of …

A reflection and refraction model for anisotropic surfaces is introduced. The anisotropy is
simulated by small cylinders (added or subtracted) distributed on the anisotropic surface …

Significant visual effects arise from surface mesostructure, such as fine-scale shadowing,
occlusion and silhouettes. To efficiently render its detailed appearance, we introduce a …

We quantify the degree of lopsidedness for a sample of 149 galaxies observed in the near-
infrared from the OSUBGS sample, and try to explain the physical origin of the observed disk …

To reduce memory requirements for texture map** a model, we build a surface
parametrization specialized to its signal (such as color or normal). Intuitively, we want to …