Sharp wave ripples (SPW‐Rs) represent the most synchronous population pattern in the
mammalian brain. Their excitatory output affects a wide area of the cortex and several …

In the hippocampus GABAergic local circuit inhibitory interneurons represent only~ 10–15%
of the total neuronal population; however, their remarkable anatomical and physiological …

In mammals, the selective transformation of transient experience into stored memory occurs
in the hippocampus, which develops representations of specific events in the context in …

Fast-spiking, inhibitory interneurons–prototype is the parvalbumin-positive (PV+) basket cell–
generate action potentials at high frequency and synchronize the activity of numerous …

Replay of neuronal activity during hippocampal sharp wave-ripples (SWRs) is essential in
memory formation. To understand the mechanisms underlying the initiation of irregularly …

A dietary therapy for pediatric epilepsy known as the ketogenic diet has seen a revival in its
clinical use during the past decade. Although the underlying mechanism of the diet remains …

Gamma oscillations (~ 30 to 100 Hz) provide a fundamental mechanism of information
processing during sensory perception, motor behavior, and memory formation by …

Thalamocortical and corticothalamic pathways mediate bidirectional communication
between the thalamus and neocortex. These pathways are entwined, making their study …

Lactate shuttled from the blood circulation, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes or even activated
microglia (resident macrophages) to neurons has been hypothesized to represent a major …

The basal forebrain cholinergic system is widely assumed to control cortical functions via
non-synaptic transmission of a single neurotransmitter. Yet, we find that mouse hippocampal …