Plants and herbivores are remarkably variable in space and time, and variability has been
considered a defining feature of their interactions. Empirical research, however, has …

We provide an overview of both traditional and innovative control tools for management of
three Xylosandrus ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae), invasive …

As of 2020, the world has an estimated 290 million ha of planted forests and this number is
continuously increasing. Of these, 131 million ha are monospecific planted forests under …

Natural disturbances exacerbated by novel climate regimes are increasing worldwide,
threatening the ability of forest ecosystems to mitigate global warming through carbon …

Forest stand densities are increasing in the boreal and temperate biomes, suggesting that
tree‐tree competition is intensifying. Anticipating the consequences of this intensified …

One promising approach to mitigate the negative impacts of insect pests in forests is to adapt
forestry practices to create ecosystems that are more resistant and resilient to biotic …

Highlights•Forest loss contributes to pest and pathogen emergence and spread.•Forests and
surrounding areas exchange pests and microbes at an unprecedented rate.•Trade and …

Global change exposes forest ecosystems to many risks including novel climatic conditions,
increased frequency of climatic extremes and sudden emergence and spread of pests and …

Abstract Purpose of Review The increasing impact of droughts, wildfires and windstorms in
temperate areas poses a significant challenge to the adaptation capacity of forests and their …

Executive summary How can we effectively maintain and enhance forest biodiversity in
Europe? hampered efforts to build a standardised, EU-level overview of how forest …