As climate change increases the rate of environmental change and the frequency and
intensity of disturbance events, selective forces intensify. However, given the complicated …

Sponges, among the oldest extant multicellular organisms on Earth, 1 play a key role in the
cycling of nutrients in many aquatic ecosystems. 2–5 They need to employ strategies to …

The alarming rate of climate change demands new management strategies to protect coral
reefs. Environments such as mangrove lagoons, characterized by extreme variations in …

Globally, coral reefs face increasing disease prevalence and large-scale outbreak events.
These outbreaks offer insights into microbial and functional patterns of coral disease …

Map** of O2 with luminescent sensors within intact animals is challenging due to
attenuation of excitation and emission light caused by tissue absorption and scattering as …

Recent studies have revealed that stony corals create their extracellular skeletons via
biologically controlled calcification, in which amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC), regarded …

The mucus surface layer serves vital functions for scleractinian corals and consists mainly of
carbohydrates. Its carbohydrate composition has been suggested to be influenced by …

Oceanography and Marine Biology: An Annual Review remains one of the most cited
sources in marine science and oceanography. The ever-increasing interest in work in …

In mesophotic coral ecosystems, reef-building corals and their photosynthetic symbionts can
survive with less than 1% of surface irradiance. How depth-specialist corals rely upon …

For nearly 50 years, analyses of coral physiology have used small coral fragments (nubbins)
to make inferences about larger colonies. However, scaling in corals shows that linear …