Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) establish symbiotic associations with most terrestrial
plants. These soil microorganisms enhance the plant's nutrient uptake by extending the root …

BACKGROUND All vascular plants associate with fungi and bacteria—the microbiome. Root
associations with mycorrhizal fungi benefit most plants by enhancing their nutrient access …

Despite the remarkable cognitive power, humans are not alien beings living in their isolated
universe but part of the Earth's biosphere–a dynamic, intelligent system. The working of the …

Mycelium-based bio-composite materials have been invented and widely applied to different
areas, including construction, manufacturing, agriculture, and biomedical. As the vegetative …

This article aims to change the terms of the conversation about the ecological crisis. We
argue that the human–nature dualism, a product of Enlightenment thought and primarily …

A growing number of non-human animal species are being seriously considered as
candidates for sentience, but plants are either forgotten or explicitly excluded from these …

Unlike animal behavior, behavior in plants is traditionally assumed to be completely
determined either genetically or environmentally. Under this assumption, plants are usually …

Mycorrhizal fungal networks linking the roots of trees in forests are increasingly recognized
to facilitate inter-tree communication via resource, defense, and kin recognition signaling …

Agricultural crop** systems and pasture comprise one third of the world's arable land and
have the potential to draw down a considerable amount of atmospheric CO2 for storage as …

Hypotheses The drive to survive is a biological universal. Intelligent behaviour is usually
recognized when individual organisms including plants, in the face of fiercely competitive or …