The phenomenology of exchange bias and related effects in nanostructures is reviewed.
The types of systems discussed include: lithographically fabricated ferromagnetic (FM) …

The exchange bias (EB) is an effect occurring in coupled ferromagnetic/antiferromagnetic
materials of diverse shapes, from core–shell nanoparticles to stacked nanostructures and …

Core− shell nanoparticles of MnO| Mn3O4 with average particle sizes of 5− 60 nm,
composed of an antiferromagnetic (AFM) core and a ferrimagnetic (FiM) shell, have been …

A study of exchange bias in IrMn/Co systems is presented. Temperature and thickness
dependence studies have revealed nonmonotonic behavior in both exchange bias field and …

We have carried out detailed experimental studies of the exchange bias effect of a series of
CoO/Co (111) textured bilayers with different Co layer thickness, using the magneto-optical …

The intimate relationship between stoichiometry and physicochemical properties in
transition-metal oxides makes them appealing as tunable materials. These features become …

The exchange bias of antiferromagnetic-ferromagnetic (AFM-FM) bilayers is found to be
strongly dependent on the ferromagnetic spin configuration. The widely accepted inverse …

The hysteresis loop shift in sub-100 nm ferromagnetic-(FM-) antiferromagnetic (AFM)
nanostructures can be either enhanced or reduced with respect to continuous films with the …

A phenomenological approach for polycrystalline exchange-bias bilayers is proposed which
explains the coercivity enhancement as well as its temperature and coupling strength …

The dependence of exchange bias on antiferromagnet thickness has been measured in FeF
2/Fe and MnF 2/Fe bilayers. The two fluoride systems have identical crystal structures …