[2] The World Meteorological Organization [1970] defines a polynya as ''any non-linear
shaped opening enclosed in (sea) ice... Sometimes the polynya is limited on one side by the …

Polynyas are nonlinear‐shaped openings within the ice cover, ranging in size from 10 to
105 km2. Polynyas play an important climatic role. First, winter polynyas tend to warm the …

It has been established that various anthropogenic contaminants have already reached all
the world's pristine locations, including the polar regions. While some of those contaminants …

The Second Edition of The Drift of Sea Ice presents the fundamental laws of sea ice drift
which come from the material properties of sea ice and the basic laws of mechanics. The …

The bacterial populations associated with sea ice sampled from Antarctic coastal areas were
investigated by use of a phenotypic approach and a phylogenetic approach based on genes …

First published in 1993, The Biology of the Southern Ocean has been referred to as
international research at its best and an invaluable reference. Drawing on the considerable …

This paper focusses on the links between growth, persistence and decay of sea ice and the
structure of Antarctic marine ecosystems on different spatial and temporal scales. Sea-ice …

Ice structures found in Antarctic sea ice and related morphological processes are
summarized, including: frazil ice growth; the flooded snow layer; pressure ridge induced …

Based on remote-sensing data and an expedition during August-September 1993, the
importance of the Laptev Sea as a source area for sediment-laden sea ice was studied. Ice …

Sediment-laden sea ice is widespread over the shallow, wide Siberian Arctic shelves, with
off-shelf export from the Laptev and East Siberian Seas contributing substantially to the …