The historical background, research development, and the state-of-the-art of finite time
thermodynamic theory and applications are reviewed from the point of view of both physics …

The cornerstone of finite‐time thermodynamics is all about the price of haste and how to
minimize it. Reversible processes may be ultimately efficient, but they are unrealistically …

Compared with endoreversible heat engine with pure heat transfer and endoreversible
isothermal chemical engine with pure mass transfer, endoreversible non-isothermal …

The research on the output rate performance limit of the multi-stage energy conversion
system based on modern optimal control theory is one of the hot spots of finite time …

Maximum power performance of an endoreversible non-isothermal chemical engine (NICE)
with simultaneous heat and mass transfer is investigated in this paper. The heat and mass …

Chemical engine is an abstract model of some devices, such as solid state, photochemical,
and electrochemical devices, photovoltaic cell, and mass exchangers. Finite chemical …

Power-output maximization problem for multistage endoreversible non-isothermal-chemical-
engine (ENICE) is researched. Major features of multistage-ENICE include two aspects: one …

A model of a finite potential source irreversible isothermal chemical engine (ICE) cycle with
bypass mass leakage and mass resistance is established. Mass transfer processes are …

All energy transformation processes occurring in reality are irreversible and in many cases
these irreversibilities must be included in a realistic description of such processes …

The chemical pumps widely exist in various chemical systems, such as mass exchangers,
desalination systems, biological systems, electrochemical systems, photochemical systems …