Satellite navigation based on the Global Navigation Satellite System can provide aircraft
with more precise guidance and increase flight efficiency. However, severe space weather …

The ionosphere is a crucial factor affecting Global Navigation Satellite System positioning.
The Global Ionosphere Map (GIM) or the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) model …

The rapid increase of the number of low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites brings up the possibility
of LEO satellite missions transmitting dedicated signals for positioning, navigation, and …

Additional ionospheric information is essential for mitigating errors in single‐frequency (SF)
Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) positioning. The increasing number of low‐cost …

Global ionosphere maps (GIM), a grid model generated based on observations from global
GNSS stations, is often used for ionospheric delay correction and total electron content …

Single frequency users of the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) should correct the
ionospheric delay to obtain positioning solutions. A valuable source of ionospheric delay …

The ionosphere, partially ionized by solar radiation, is rich in free electrons and ions,
affecting satellite navigation signals by altering their speed and path. This interaction often …

Vertical total electron content (VTEC) is one of the main parameters used to describe the
ionosphere. The VTEC values can be provided to correct ionospheric delay errors or to …