Chronic constipation is a prevalent condition that severely impacts the quality of life of those
affected. Several types of primary chronic constipation, which show substantial overlap …

Na+/H+ exchangers play pivotal roles in the control of cell and tissue pH by mediating the
electroneutral exchange of Na+ and H+ across cellular membranes. They belong to an …

Sodium and fluid restriction has traditionally been advocated in patients with heart failure
(HF) due to their sodium and water avid state. However, most evidence regarding the altered …

Metabolic syndrome is manifested by visceral obesity, hypertension, glucose intolerance,
hyperinsulinism, and dyslipidemia. According to the CDC, metabolic syndrome in the US …

The phylogenetically ancient SLC26 gene family encodes multifunctional anion exchangers
and anion channels transporting a broad range of substrates, including Cl−, HCO3−, sulfate …

Inflammatory bowel diseases broadly categorized into Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative
colitis (UC), are chronic inflammatory disorders of the gastrointestinal tract with increasing …

This brief review of the human Na/H exchanger gene family introduces a new classification
with three subgroups to the SLC9 gene family. Progress in the structure and function of this …

Short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) are the major anion in stool and are synthesized from
nonabsorbed carbohydrate by the colonic microbiota. Nonabsorbed carbohydrate are not …

Chronic watery diarrhea poses a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge and is often a
disabling condition for patients. Although acute diarrhea is likely to be caused by infection …

The relationship between endosomal pH and function is well documented in viral entry,
endosomal maturation, receptor recycling, and vesicle targeting within the endocytic …