Background Per-and polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS) have received increasing
scientific and political attention in recent years. Several thousand commercially produced …

We synthesize current understanding of the magnitudes and methods for assessing human
and wildlife exposures to poly‐and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). Most human exposure …

Per‐and poly‐fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) encompass a large, heterogenous group of
chemicals of potential concern to human health and the environment. Based on information …

Many classes of compounds are known or suspected to disrupt the endocrine system of
vertebrate and invertebrate organisms. This review of the sources and fate of selected …

Long-chain perfluoroalkylated acids are persistent in the environment, leading to ubiquitous
exposure of biota. They have been listed as very persistent, very bioaccumulative and toxic …

Per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) accumulation and elimination in both wildlife
and humans is largely attributed to PFAS interactions with proteins, including but not limited …

In this review, we consider the two prevailing hypotheses for the mechanisms that control the
bioaccumulation of perfluorinated alkyl acids (PFAAs). The first assumes that partitioning to …

The pharmacokinetic characteristics of per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) affect
their distribution and bioaccumulation in biological systems. The enterohepatic circulation …

Following the global actions to phase out perfluoroctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) a large
number of alternative per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances, with poorly defined hazard …

Currently, there is limited knowledge on the distribution of poly-and perfluoroalkyl
substances (PFASs) in different blood matrices, particularly for novel PFASs such as …