Diurnal cortisol slopes and mental and physical health outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis

EK Adam, ME Quinn, R Tavernier, MT McQuillan… - …, 2017 - Elsevier
Abstract Changes in levels of the stress-sensitive hormone cortisol from morning to evening
are referred to as diurnal cortisol slopes. Flatter diurnal cortisol slopes have been proposed …

Assessment of the cortisol awakening response: Expert consensus guidelines

T Stalder, C Kirschbaum, BM Kudielka, EK Adam… - …, 2016 - Elsevier
The cortisol awakening response (CAR), the marked increase in cortisol secretion over the
first 30–45 min after morning awakening, has been related to a wide range of psychosocial …

Hair cortisol, stress exposure, and mental health in humans: a systematic review

SM Staufenbiel, BWJH Penninx, AT Spijker… - …, 2013 - Elsevier
The deleterious effects of chronic stress on health and its contribution to the development of
mental illness attract broad attention worldwide. An important development in the last few …

Analysis of cortisol in hair–state of the art and future directions

T Stalder, C Kirschbaum - Brain, behavior, and immunity, 2012 - Elsevier
Changes to long-term secretion of the glucocorticoid cortisol are considered to play a crucial
role in mediating the link between chronic stress and the development of numerous immune …

Saliva specimen: a new laboratory tool for diagnostic and basic investigation

S Chiappin, G Antonelli, R Gatti, F Elio - Clinica chimica acta, 2007 - Elsevier
The assay of saliva is an increasing area of research with implications for basic and clinical
purposes. Although this biological fluid is easy to manipulate and collect, careful attention …

The awakening cortisol response: methodological issues and significance

A Clow, L Thorn, P Evans, F Hucklebridge - Stress, 2004 - Taylor & Francis
The awakening cortisol response (ACR) is a discrete and distinctive part of the cortisol
circadian cycle. In healthy adults salivary free cortisol concentrations increase by between …

Day-to-day dynamics of experience–cortisol associations in a population-based sample of older adults

EK Adam, LC Hawkley, BM Kudielka… - Proceedings of the …, 2006 - National Acad Sciences
In 156 older adults, day-to-day variations in cortisol diurnal rhythms were predicted from
both prior-day and same-day experiences, to examine the temporal ordering of experience …

Loneliness and neuroendocrine, cardiovascular, and inflammatory stress responses in middle-aged men and women

A Steptoe, N Owen, SR Kunz-Ebrecht… - Psychoneuroendocrinology, 2004 - Elsevier
Loneliness is a psychological experience related to social isolation and perceived lack of
companionship, and may be relevant to health risk. The revised UCLA loneliness scale was …

Determinants of the diurnal course of salivary alpha-amylase

UM Nater, N Rohleder, W Schlotz, U Ehlert… - …, 2007 - Elsevier
OBJECTIVE: Previous data from our group and others have shown that salivary alpha-
amylase activity increases in response to stress. It has been suggested that salivary alpha …

Evaluation and update of the expert consensus guidelines for the assessment of the cortisol awakening response (CAR)

T Stalder, SJ Lupien, BM Kudielka, EK Adam… - …, 2022 - Elsevier
The cortisol awakening response (CAR) is frequently assessed in psychobiological (stress)
research. Obtaining reliable CAR data, however, requires careful attention to …