Thermal emission and reflected light spectra of super Earths with flat transmission spectra

CV Morley, JJ Fortney, MS Marley… - The Astrophysical …, 2015 - iopscience.iop.org
Planets larger than Earth and smaller than Neptune are some of the most numerous in the
galaxy, but observational efforts to understand this population have proved challenging …

How to distinguish between cloudy mini-Neptunes and water/volatile-dominated super-Earths

B Benneke, S Seager - The Astrophysical Journal, 2013 - iopscience.iop.org
One of the most profound questions about the newly discovered class of low-density super-
Earths is whether these exoplanets are predominately H 2-dominated mini-Neptunes or …

The hazy and metal-rich atmosphere of GJ 1214 b constrained by near-and mid-infrared transmission spectroscopy

P Gao, AAA Piette, ME Steinrueck… - The Astrophysical …, 2023 - iopscience.iop.org
The near-infrared transmission spectrum of the warm sub-Neptune exoplanet GJ 1214 b has
been observed to be flat and featureless, implying a high metallicity atmosphere with …

A framework for characterizing the atmospheres of low-mass low-density transiting planets

JJ Fortney, C Mordasini, N Nettelmann… - The Astrophysical …, 2013 - iopscience.iop.org
We perform modeling investigations to aid in understanding the atmospheres and
composition of small planets of∼ 2–4 Earth radii, which are now known to be common in our …

Access i. an optical transmission spectrum of gj 1214b reveals a heterogeneous stellar photosphere

B Rackham, N Espinoza, D Apai… - The Astrophysical …, 2017 - iopscience.iop.org
ABSTRACT GJ 1214b is the most studied sub-Neptune exoplanet to date. Recent
measurements have shown its near-infrared transmission spectrum to be flat, pointing to a …

Quantitatively assessing the role of clouds in the transmission spectrum of GJ 1214b

CV Morley, JJ Fortney, EMR Kempton… - The Astrophysical …, 2013 - iopscience.iop.org
Recent observations of the super-Earth GJ 1214b show that it has a relatively featureless
transmission spectrum. One suggestion is that these observations indicate that the planet's …

New Insights into the Internal Structure of GJ 1214 b Informed by JWST

MC Nixon, AAA Piette, EMR Kempton… - The Astrophysical …, 2024 - iopscience.iop.org
Recent JWST observations of the sub-Neptune GJ 1214 b suggest that it hosts a high-
metallicity (≳ 100× solar), hazy atmosphere. Emission spectra of the planet show molecular …

Ground-based near-UV observations of 15 transiting exoplanets: constraints on their atmospheres and no evidence for asymmetrical transits

JD Turner, KA Pearson, LI Biddle… - Monthly Notices of …, 2016 - academic.oup.com
Transits of exoplanets observed in the near-UV have been used to study the scattering
properties of their atmospheres and possible star–planet interactions. We observed the …

Atmospheric dynamics of terrestrial exoplanets over a wide range of orbital and atmospheric parameters

Y Kaspi, AP Showman - The Astrophysical Journal, 2015 - iopscience.iop.org
The recent discoveries of terrestrial exoplanets and super-Earths extending over a broad
range of orbital and physical parameters suggest that these planets will span a wide range …

Microphysics of KCl and ZnS Clouds on GJ 1214 b

P Gao, B Benneke - The Astrophysical Journal, 2018 - iopscience.iop.org
Clouds in the atmospheres of exoplanets confound characterization efforts by reducing,
eliminating, and distorting the spectral signatures of molecular abundances. As such …